3D digitization of artifacts is becoming an advanced solution to help preserve and conserve cultural heritage values, industrial artifacts with high precision and vivid details. To ensure efficiency and quality, a 3D digitization process needs to be designed tightly and systematically. In this article, we will introduce each step in the standard technical 3D digitization process, helping you better understand how 3D Master performs professional artifact digitization work?

1. Survey the Current Status of Artifacts

Determine the digitized object:

• As an object: determine the quantity, size, complexity and surface characteristics (multi-color, deep grooves).
• As a space: determine the scope, location and structure to be scanned.

Analyze the digitization environment: Artifacts are stored indoors, in a spacious, dry warehouse. Requires a working space of 5–10m² and a stable power source.

Determine the purpose and technical standards to be achieved:

• Storage: create digital copies for preservation and reference.
• Reproduction: serve the production of copies to replace the original.
• Management: integrate digital libraries, manage original and copy specimens.
• Search: connect with 2D drawings and 3D data for quick reference.
• Technical requirements: high accuracy and resolution, accurately reflecting the shape and details of the artifacts.

2. 3D Digitalization Planning

• Object analysis: Heavy mechanical artifacts, requiring high accuracy; classified by physics, complexity, and technique.
• Objective: Create detailed, realistic 3D models, especially with deep grooves and cavities.
• Working environment: Minimum area of ​​5m², place the sample in the middle of the space; Prioritize closed rooms, adequate lighting, and avoid external influences.
• Digitization method: Scan with a machine with a resolution of 0.025mm to ensure details and methods of capturing the overall image of the sample.
• Equipment and software: Choose according to technical requirements and sample characteristics.
• Resources and progress: Determine personnel and time to ensure progress and quality.

3. Preparation Before Digitization

• Prepare samples: Check the current status, clean dust/oil, place markers if the sample is smooth. Be careful with fragile samples.
• Prepare equipment: Check computer, scanner, software, camera. Calibrate scanner and update latest software.
• Set up working space: Minimum space of 5m², with adequate lighting and power source. Place the sample and computer close together for easy operation. Engineers need to wear gloves when working with samples.
• Documents and supporting tools: Prepare technical documents, auxiliary tools such as scaffolding, roof if needed.

4. 3D Data Scanning & Photography

• Determine scanning requirements: Record full details of edges, grooves; allowable error ≤ 0.025 mm or ≤ 0.012 mm.
• Machine calibration: Ensure the scanner is working properly before scanning.
• Photography and 3D scanning: Take a picture of the specimen, then proceed to 3D scan to collect detailed data.
• Check output data: Remove error areas (blur, noise), scan additional if needed.
• Data processing: Delete redundant parts (table, bracket ...), close the 3D model.
• Measure sample size: Record actual measurements to calibrate the corresponding 3D model.

5. 3D Data Processing

• Refine 3D models: Use specialized software to delete redundant data, patch holes, and smooth surfaces if necessary.
• Reduce capacity: Optimize the model for easy storage and use, while still ensuring technical details.

Product: Complete 3D model file, ready for the next steps.

6. Integrate Photo Data with 3D Model

Objective: Ensure the size error of 3D data is within the allowable limit, compared to the actual object.

Job content:

• Import 3D models into processing software.
• Determine model details compared to reality.
• Evaluate and give size errors.

Influencing factors: Complexity of the object and accuracy requirements.
Executing human resources: Need experienced technicians, level 2/9 or higher.

Product: 3D model tolerance result report.

7. 3D Model Verification and Correction

Objective: Create administrative information, time, location, object characteristics and 3D digitized data for easy management and retrieval.

Job content:

• Build a descriptive data structure using a schema to describe entities, elements and relationships.
• Create descriptive data including unique identifiers, digitization date and time, digitization unit and device, image, correction date (if any).
• Index data fields for easy access.

Product: 3D object descriptive data file.

8. Storage

• Save all digitized data including: raw data from scanner, data processed on software and 3D model result data.
• Choose popular file formats: .stl, .stp suitable for 3D manufacturing and printing.
• Use a centralized, secure and easy-to-search data management system.
• Ensure data is stored securely, convenient for long-term use and preservation.

Product: Digitized files are stored on the management system.

9. Transfer Data to the Management Warehouse

• All data after processing and handover is stored in the centralized management system.
• Easy to search, secure and serve future uses.

 

The 3D digitization process of artifacts requires high technology and detailed preparation at each step. Following the correct process helps create quality models that accurately reflect real artifacts, effectively serving the goals of conservation, restoration, storage and presentation. With experience and advanced technology, 3D Master is committed to providing professional, accurate and fast 3D digitization solutions for artifacts, accompanying you in all heritage conservation projects. Contact 3D Master for the best advice and support.

>>>> See more: Comparison of 3D digitization methods for artifacts and product output standards

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